#Return on maximum drawdown code#

_drawdown = eq_series / eq_series.cummax() - 1ĭef max_drawdown(equity_curve, percent=True):Ībs_drawdown = np.abs(drawdown(equity_curve))

#Return on maximum drawdown code#

Source code for this value has been provided as well feel free to substitute it in. We use maximum drawdown as a proxy for risk because this is the number that investors “feel”, which tends to drive allocation decisions for emotional reasons.Īn alternative metric is the Ulcer Index, a root-mean-squared calculation based on drawdown that takes into account both drawdown severity and duration. Let’s see how increasing position size increases drawdown by constructing a curve similar to the one for GHPR for maximum drawdown. We left off with an example showing that investing in SPY at optimal f would cause some extreme discomfort along the way. Read here and feel free to follow along with provided notebook. This post will help traders maximize their gains while still getting their beauty rest! Since a 20% retracement from peak equity causes most investors to start tossing in their sleep, this approach doesn’t seem very realistic.

This would have yielded the greatest compounded rate of return, but would have induced a 97% (!!!) max drawdown along the way. To realize the greatest return on capital, an investor in SPY since its inception should have used over 3x leverage to buy in. Max(drawdown) = the maximum drawdown (3 years or more)Īs mentioned above, the maximum drawdown measures the maximum loss of a portfolio from its peak value.įor example, the portfolio’s maximum drawdown is 37.5%, the average annual return is 45%, and the risk-free rate is 3.5%.What does “optimal” mean, anyway? In the first part of this series, we discovered that the staked fraction of capital that yields the greatest compounded returns also yields a less-than-optimal level of drawdown. PR = Average Annual Portfolio Return (3 years or more)

It is calculated by subtracting the portfolio's lowest dollar value from its peak dollar value, the result is divided by the peak dollar value. Maximum drawdown measures the maximum loss of a portfolio from its peak value. Most commonly, the standard deviation is calculated on a monthly or yearly basis.Standard deviation rises as returns become more volatile, a portfolio with a lower SD is better than a portfolio with a higher SD.A lower standard deviation means the return is more consistent and predictable over time.The lower the standard deviation of a portfolio the better.Why is this important? Because we want to make sure that the positive historical performance of a portfolio is consistent and can be easily repeated in the future.īy using the standard deviation, investors can normalize the returns of any portfolio. A lower SD shows that the values tend to be close to the mean, this mean value is also called the expected value. A higher SD shows that the values are spread out. The standard deviation (SD) or Sigma (Greek letter σ) is a statistical tool that measures the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of values. You can use the annualized return of the 3-month US Treasury Bill in the US or the 3-month Euribor in the EU.Any investment that is expected to offer lower returns than the risk-free rate of return is an unacceptable investment.

Generally, the risk-free rate of return is based on the annualized interest paid on a 3-month Treasury bill. The risk-free rate refers to the annual return an investor can earn without taking any risk. Most of the following performance ratios are partially based on these three important components. These concepts include the risk-free rate of return, the standard deviation (SD), and the maximum drawdown. Three Key Investment Concepts Before Moving Onīefore moving on with the ratios that measure risk-adjusted performance, it is important to mention some basic concepts. This analysis includes the following risk-adjusted portfolio performance ratios: This combination is called risk-adjusted portfolio performance. By combing risk and return into a single value, investors can compare the real performance of different portfolios. There are two main investing goals: (i) get the highest annual payout (Return), by (ii) minimize the chances of losing money (Risk). These tools are also useful to compare investment strategies, indices, or even the historical performance of different money managers and hedge funds.Ĭombining Risk and Return into a Single Comparable Value

There are a lot of sophisticated tools that can help investors evaluate risk-adjusted portfolio performance. Being able to measure and quantify risk/return is a top priority when trying to evaluate investment portfolios.